In traditional brick walls, bricks were originally held together with lime mortar. This soft, permeable material plays a critical role in managing moisture. When walls get wet, the lime mortar absorbs much of the moisture and allows it to evaporate from the joint surface. Over time, however, the mortar face erodes. Wider joints and exposed locations can speed up this process.
If the erosion is not repaired in time, it may create ledges where water collects, leading to damp penetration and structural damage. Repointing with a compatible lime mortar is essential to prevent these issues.
Why Cement is Not a Good ChoiceA common mistake in repairs is using hard cement mortar. While cement creates a durable surface, it blocks the mortar's natural evaporation process. As a result, moisture is forced through the bricks themselves, causing spalling – where the brick face crumbles or flakes away. This can compromise the wall’s structure and appearance over time.
Additional Tips for Maintaining Traditional Walls
Inspect Regularly: Regularly check for mortar erosion, cracks, or signs of spalling. Early intervention can save time and money.
Use Breathable Materials: Always use lime mortar that matches the original composition to ensure compatibility and breathability.
Consider Environmental Conditions: Protect walls from excess moisture by addressing leaks, ensuring proper drainage, and maintaining roof gutters.
How to Repair Spalling Brickwork
Brick Replacement: For heavily damaged bricks, carefully cut out the affected ones and replace them with matching bricks using lime mortar. This preserves the wall's integrity and aesthetic.
Brick Face Repair: For minor spalling, apply a tinted lime mortar to rebuild the brick face. This is a cost-effective and minimally invasive solution for less severe damage.
Maintaining the structural and visual quality of traditional brick walls requires attention to detail and appropriate materials. Proper maintenance not only preserves the building’s character but also improves its energy efficiency – an essential consideration for BER (Building Energy Rating) assessments.
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